Foreign policy is the general course of action that a nation pursues in its relations with other nations and people. It is a set of goals, principles and actions that influences the pursuit of interests and aspirations in a changing world. Developing a foreign policy is a difficult task that requires balancing various interests, values and aspirations with other countries and international actors. It also entails negotiating complex economic agreements and dealing with intransigent adversaries.
There are more than 190 countries in the world, all with distinct interests and histories that vary from one to another. The United States has a strong interest in supporting prosperity, good governance and security throughout the globe.
This goal often requires engaging with reluctant allies, addressing escalating threats and dealing with intransigent adversaries. It can include encouraging new forms of globalization while ensuring that existing international rules and institutions are adhered to.
In today’s world, there are many challenges and conflicts that defy simple solutions. These include preventing nuclear proliferation, stopping global warming and terrorism. They call for the United States to lead as well as listen, to give as well as take. It is also important to promote a new architecture of international cooperation.
Much of the current debate on foreign policy revolves around assessments of two different paradigms: Americanists and Globalists. Americanists believe that America is the most powerful country in history and that its leadership is indispensable. They see the world as a collection of contested frontiers that require America’s military and economic power to ensure peace and stability.
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